Monday, August 09, 2010
Anu
Everyone knows that Linux is a Powerful Operating System due to his BASH and Commands...
BUT....
I know that DOS is also a Powerful Operating System...
In this POST I will show you a Command Comarison of RH- Linux and MS - DOS..
Command Comparison: |
DOS Command | UNIX or Bash Command | Action |
DIR | ls -l (or use ls -lF)(-a all files) (df -k Space remaining on filesystem) | List directory contents |
DIR *.* /o-d DIR *.* /v /os DIR /s DIR /aa | ls -tr ls -ls ls -R ls -a | List directory contents by reverse time of modification/creation. List files and size List directory/sub-directory contents recursively. List hidden files. |
TREE | ls -R | List directory recursivly |
CD | Change directory | |
MKDIR MD | mkdir | Make a new directory |
ASSIGN | ln | Create a file or directory link |
RMDIR RD | rmdir | Remove a directory |
CHDIR | pwd | Display directory location |
DEL ERASE | rm -iv | Remove a file |
RMDIR /S (NT) DELTREE (Win 95...) | rm -R | Remove all directories and files below given directory |
COPY | cp -piv | Copy a file |
XCOPY | cp -R | Copy all file of directory recursivly |
RENAME or MOVE | mv -iv | Rename/move a file |
TYPE | cat | Dump contents of a file to users screen |
MORE | more | Pipe output a single page at a time |
HELP or COMMAND /? | man | Online manuals |
CLS | clear ctrl-l | Clear screen |
EXIT EXIT0 | exit exit 0 | Exit a shell |
FIND FINDSTR | grep | Look for a word in files given in command line |
COMP | diff | Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff. |
FC | diff | Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff. |
SET | set and env | List all environment variables |
SET variable=value echo %variable% | set export variable=value echo $variable | Set environment variables Show environment variables |
ECHO text | echo text | Echo text to screen |
SET variable | setenv (for C shell) or export VAR=val (for Korn shell. Also VAR=val) | Set environment variables |
PATH PATH %PATH%;C:\DIR | echo $PATH PATH=$PATH:/dir | Display search path for executables. Set PATH environment variable. |
PROMPT $p$g | export PS1='\h(\u)\W> ' | Set user command prompt. |
DATE or TIME | date | Show date. (also set date - DOS only) |
DOSKEY /h | history | List command history |
DOSKEY NAME=command | alias NAME=command | Set command alias |
BREAK ON | trap | Trap ctrl-break / Trap signals. |
SORT | sort | Sort data alphabetically/numerically |
EDLIN | ed | Line mode editor |
EDIT filename.txt | pico, gnp, vi, xedit, xemacs,dtpad | Edit a file. The Linux editor which looks most like DOS edit is probably Pico. (Not a recomendation!) |
BACKUP files A:\ | tar -cvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy doswrite -a file (AIX only) | Save files to floppy. |
RESTORE A:\ files | tar -xvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy dosread -a file (AIX only) | Read files from floppy. |
ATTRIB [+r|-r] [+a|-a] [+s|-s] [path\file] /s | chmod | Change file permissions. DOS: +:set to -:remove r:Read only a:Archive s:System /s:recursively |
ATTRIB +h or -h | mv file .file | Change file to a hidden file - rename file with prefix "." |
PRINT | lpr | Print a file |
CALL COMMAND /C (DOS), CMD (NT) | source script (cshrc) . script (bash) sh script | Execute script from within batch shell. |
MEM | free top | Show free memory on system |
TASKLIST (WIN2K, XP) | ps -aux top | List executable name, process ID number and memory usage of active processes |
MSD | lsdev | Show system info (Command borrowed from AIX) |
SCANDISK DEFRAG C: | fsck debugfs | Check and repair hard drive file system |
CHDISK | du -s | Disk usage. |
FDISK | fdisk | Tool to partition a hard drive. |
SUBST V: C:\directory\path | mount | Mount a drive letter to a folder/directory on your hard drive. |
FORMAT | mke2fs fdformat and mformat for floppies | Format drive file system. |
VER | uname -a echo $SHELL cat /etc/issue | Operating system/shell version |
pkzip | tar and zip | Compress and uncompress files/directories. Use tar to create compilation of a directory before compressing. Linux also has compress, gzip |
HOSTNAME | hostname | Print host name of computer |
PING | ping | Send packets to a network host |
TRACERT | traceroute | Show routes and router hops to given network destination. |
IPCONFIG (NT) WINIPCFG (Win 95...) | ifconfig | Display/configure network interface |
NBTSTAT (Netbios info: -n, -c) NBTSTAT -A IP-address | nslookup host-name host host-name | Print DNS info for host. |
NBTSTAT -a hostname | nmblookup -A hostname | lookup NetBIOS names. |
ROUTE PRINT | route -n | Print routing table. |
NET HELP START | chkconfig --list |grep on | List services. |
NET STARTservice-name NET STOPservice-name | service service-name start service service-name stop | Start/stop service/daemon. |
NET SHARES | df | Show mounted shares/filesystems. |
NET SEND (NT) | smbclient -M MS-Windows-host-name talk | Send pop-up to a MS/Windows PC Send message to another Unix/Linux user. |
WIN | startx | Start X-Windows. |
REBOOT | shutdown -r now | Reboot system. |
To find out how to do something on UNIX simply type "man -ksubject_matter". This will do a key word search for all commandsdealing with the subject matter. Then use the appropriate command. Onlinemanuals are available on all the commands by typing "mancommand_name".
MS/Windows info:
Shell Descriptor/Operators: |
DOS Descriptor/Operator | UNIX or Bash Descriptor/Operator | Description |
\ | / | Directory path delimiter |
.\ | ./ | Current directory |
..\ | ../ | Parent directory |
ctrl-z | ctrl-d | End of file/close shell |
ctrl-c | ctrl-c | Interrupt/process break |
* | * | file name wild card |
? | ? | Single character wild card |
%VAR% | $VAR | Variable prefix |
%1 %2 %3 | $1 $2 $3 | First, second and third shell command line arguments. |
/ | - | Command line option flag prefix |
| | | | Pipe |
> | > | stdout redirection |
>> | >> | stdout redirection overwrite |
< | < | stdin redirection |
Shell Script Operators: |
DOS Operator | UNIX or Bash Operator | Description |
@ ECHO OFF | set +v | Set verbose mode off. -v: Echo each line of shell script as it is executed. |
% | $ | command line argument prefix. DOS: %1 Bash: $1 for firs argument. |
REM | # | Comment. (Not processed.) |
== | = | string "equal to" comparison |
!==! | != | string "not equal to" comparison |
NOT | ! | negative of test expression |
CHOICE | case | case/switch statement |
IF IF EXIST C:\filename IF NOT EXIST C:\filename | if [[ test-resulting-in-bool ]]; then ... elif ...; then ... else ... fi if [ -e /dir/filename ]; then if [ ! -e /dir/filename ]; then | if-test If file exists If file does not exist. |
GOTO ABC ... :ABC | goto ABC ... :ABC | Branch |
FOR ... IN ... DO FOR %%fff IN (C:\dir\*.*) DO echo %%fff | for ffiillee in lliisstt; do ...; done for (( expr1; expr2; expr3; )) do ...; done | For loop |
ERRORLEVEL | $? | exit status/return code |
PAUSE | sleep | sleep for specified interval |
Bash shell aliases for DOS users: |
The following are bash shell aliaseswhich can be added to the system profile or the user's personal profile ($HOME/.bashrc) to correct and help DOS users on Linux.
alias dir="echo 'Use the command: ls -lF'" alias tree="echo 'Use the command: ls -R'" alias del="echo 'Use the command: rm -iv'" alias move="echo 'Use the command: mv -iv'" alias rename="echo 'Use the command: mv -iv'" alias copy="echo 'Use the command: cp -piv'" alias type="echo 'Use the command: cat'" alias cls="echo 'Use the command: clear'" alias mem="echo 'Use the command: free'" alias ver="echo 'Use the command: uname -a'" alias A:="echo 'Use the command: mdir a:'" alias a:="A:" alias C:="echo 'No C drive in Linux. Go to your home directory with the command: cd'" alias c:="C:" |
Devices: |
DOS Device | Linux Device | Description |
NUL | /dev/null | Send into nothingness |
CON | stdin | stdin from console |
PRN LPT1 | /dev/lp0 | First printer device |
COM1 | /dev/ttyS0 | Firsst serial port |
Equivalent Linux and MS/Windows GUI Applications: |
MS/Windows Command | Linux Command | Description |
C:\WINDOWS\cmd | gnome-terminal konsole | Command Text Terminal |
C:\WINDOWS\explorer | nautilus --no-desktop | File browser |
c:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore | firefox mozilla | Web browser |
C:\WINDOWS\notepad C:\Program Files\Windows NT\Accessories\wordpad | gedit | Text editor |
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office10\winword excel powerpnt | oowriter oocalc ooimpress | MS/Office and Open Office suites (ooffice) |
C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat 7.0\Reader\acrord32 | acroread | Adobe PDF viewer |
mspaint | tuxpaint xfig gimp | Graphics and painting program |
C:\Program Files\WinZip\winzip32 | file-roller | File compress / decompress / pack / unpack |
taskmgr | ksysguard qps gnome-system-monitor xosview | Process and system load monitor |
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